Abstract
To study the process of feed cutting of vegetable origin, a laboratory setup based on the principle of an impact machine, which made it possible to provide a cutting speed in a sufficiently wide range, was developed at Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University. To ensure the required sliding angle, the cutting element (knife) has an adjusting plate with a lock, which allows changing the sliding angle in the range from 0 to 70 degrees. A laboratory setup can be used to study the cutting process of various feeds used in animal husbandry. The analysis of the most important parameters affecting the specific work of feed cutting was carried out, the dependence of the influence of the grinder knife design parameters (blade thickness and sliding angle) on specific cutting work of straw, potatoes, feed beetroot, carrots, corn cobs, stalks and leaves was established. The results of the laboratory studies indicate that at certain (appropriate) values of the knife sliding angle of the grinder, it is possible to achieve a decrease of specific cutting work of some feed (corn cobs and stalks, potatoes, feed beetroot, carrots) by 25 … 37%, when cutting corn leaves – by 15% , wheat straw – by 3%. This dependence is typical of a wide range of cutting speeds of the materials under study (from 2 to 10 m / s), the differences fit into the measurement inaccuracy. The results of the laboratory studies and the presented method can be used for design development of grinder cutting device for livestock enterprises.
Highlights
Numerous studies of scientists indicate that animal feed digestibility depends mainly on feed nutrient balance, as well as on the size of feed particles
Where k is a coefficient depending on the polar inertia moment of all rotating parts of the laboratory setup; Fig. 3
The results of the study indicate that when cutting potatoes, feed beetroot and carrots, there is a decrease of specific cutting work at a sliding angle τ = 30 ... 35 ° by 37 ... 25 % compared to τ = 0 °, with a further increase of the sliding angle to 70 ° there is an increase of specific cutting work by 5 %
Summary
Numerous studies of scientists indicate that animal feed digestibility depends mainly on feed nutrient balance, as well as on the size of feed particles. When the size of feed particles is larger than those established by the zootechnical requirements, they are not fully digested by the animal body, and when the sizes are smaller than required, the animal does not chew the food well, as a result, it is not sufficiently wetted with saliva and is partially swallowed unchewed. Feed grinding solves the problem of improving the conditions of mechanization and automation of the processes of feed mixing, dosing and distributing it to animals. The country industry produces feed grinders that work according to long-known and outdated principles and schemes, which negatively affects the grinding energy consumption and the quality of the resulting feed, as well as the demand for mechanization equipment for a similar purpose. When destructive elements hit the crushed product, cell fluid is released, which contradicts zootechnical requirements
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