Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is synthesized in the brain in response to LPS. Excessive IL-1β expression is observed in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of methionine-enkephalin (ME) and leucine-enkephalin (LE) on the baseline and LPS-activated release of IL-1β in rat mixed glia cultures. ME and LE increased LPS-induced IL-1β release, which was not blocked by naloxone. Both ME and LE increased the baseline release of IL-1β, which was completely blocked by naloxone pretreatment. Mixed glia cultures deprived of microglia (by shaking and incubating with l-leucine methyl ester) did not release IL-1β, which indicates microglia as a source of the changes in IL-1β release. The results of the study suggest that neurons may regulate glial activity through releasing enkephalins.
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