Abstract
Little is known about the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in most Pacific Island nations. Relatively high rates of MRSA have been reported in Polynesian people living outside the Pacific Islands. To determine the prevalence and characteristics of MRSA, we assessed wound swabs from 399 persons with skin and soft tissue infection living in Samoa. MRSA was isolated from 9% of study participants; 34 of the 196 S. aureus isolates were MRSA. Five MRSA genotypes were identified; the 3 most common were USA300, the Queensland clone, and a sequence type 1 MRSA strain that shares <85% homology with the sequence type 1 MRSA strain common in the region (WA MRSA-1). The Southwest Pacific MRSA clone was identified but accounted for only 12% of MRSA isolates. The high prevalence of MRSA in Samoa provides impetus for initiatives to improve antimicrobial drug resistance surveillance, infection control, and antimicrobial drug use in Pacific Island nations.
Highlights
Amikacin ampicillin cefepime ceftazidime ceftriaxone/cefotaxime cefuroxime/cefamandole cephalothin co-amoxiclav co-trimoxazole fluoroquinolone gentamicin imipenem/meropenem nitrofurantoin piperacillin-tazobactam ticarcillin-clavulanic acid tobramycin trimethoprim
Escherichia coli from bacteraemia E. coli urinary
1 Data supplied by Aotea Pathology; Canterbury Health Laboratories; Diagnostic Medical Laboratory; Greymouth Hospital laboratory; Hawkes Bay Hospital laboratory; Hutt Hospital laboratory; LabCare Pathology, Taranaki; Laboratory Services, Rotorua; LabPlus; Medlab Central; Medlab South, Christchurch, Marlborough and Nelson; Medlab Wairarapa; Medlab Wanganui; Middlemore Hospital laboratory; North Shore Hospital laboratory; Northland Pathology; Pathlab Bay of Plenty; Pathlab Waikato; Southern Community Laboratories, Dunedin and Hawkes Bay; Taranaki Medlab; Taumarunui Hospital laboratory; Thames Hospital laboratory; Tlab, Gisborne; Waikato Hospital laboratory; Wellington Hospital laboratory; Whakatane Hospital laboratory and Whangarei Hospital laboratory
Summary
Amikacin ampicillin cefepime ceftazidime ceftriaxone/cefotaxime cefuroxime/cefamandole cephalothin co-amoxiclav co-trimoxazole fluoroquinolone gentamicin imipenem/meropenem nitrofurantoin piperacillin-tazobactam ticarcillin-clavulanic acid tobramycin trimethoprim. Escherichia coli from bacteraemia E. coli urinary
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