Methanolic extract of Arctium lappa and Eryngium billardieri: Anti diabetic, antibacterial, anticancer and silver nanoparticles biosynthesis evaluation

Abstract

The medical plant extract has been shown to be a sufficient source of nanoparticle biosynthesis and has been used in biomedical and technological domains. The best conditions for advantageous extraction of Arctium lappa and Eryngium billardieri, as well as the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via the reduction of Ag+ ions by secondary metabolites of plant extracts, are reported in this study. The purified solution produced the absorbance peak at 426 nm, and DLS analysis revealed a uniform distribution of nanoparticles with an average size of almost 45 nm. Furthermore, antibacterial studies indicate that these compounds have a high potential for antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Finally, the cytotoxicity of AgNPs on MCF7 and MCR-5 cell lines was determined using the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. The results demonstrate that the produced nanoparticles' toxicity on cells is very low (IC50, MCF-7 > 1 mg/ml and IC50, MCR-5 > 5 mg/ml) and dose-dependent. In addition, the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of Arctium lappa methanolic extract were studied. The inhibition of pancreatic α-amylase by this extract could possibly be useful in biomedicine.