Abstract
Background Hagenia abyssinica is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants for the treatment of diarrhea in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of methanol crude extract of H. abyssinica leaves in mice. Methods Acute toxicity testing was conducted using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. The antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract of H. abyssinica was investigated using three animal models such as small intestine transit, enteropooling, and castor oil-induced diarrhea models. The extract was administered at three different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) to the test groups, while the positive control group received 3 mg/kg of loperamide and the negative control group received 10 ml/kg of vehicle (distilled water). Results The crude extract of H. abyssinica did not exhibit death at the limit dose (2 g/kg) throughout the observation period. In the castor oil-induced model, the crude extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) antimotility effect as compared to the negative control. The crude extract revealed a significant reduction in the volume and weight of intestinal contents at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of the extract. Moreover, the highest antidiarrheal index (ADI) was obtained with the dose of 400 mg/kg of crude extract, which was comparable to the standard drug. Conclusion The crude extract of Hagenia abyssinica possesses antidiarrheal activity and supports the traditional use of H. abyssinica for the management of diarrhea.
Highlights
According to the World Health Organization, diarrhea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day [1]
Plant Materials. e fresh leaves of H. abyssinica were collected in Kosoye, Ethiopia, on February 12, 2019, and wrapped with plastic sheets during transportation. e botanical identification and authentication of the plant material were performed by a botanist at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia, with the voucher specimens’ number 003ZDK/2019
Extraction. e collected plant leaves were shade-dried at room temperature. e powdered plant materials were weighed by sensitive digital weighing balance, and a total of 1050 g of powdered leaves were macerated with 80% methanol (262.5 g in 1500 ml) in four Erlenmeyer flasks for 72 h at room temperature with occasional stirring and shaking, and the extracts were filtered by using Whatman filter paper No.1. e marc was remacerated two times with fresh solvent, each for 72 h, and the filtrates obtained from the successive maceration were concentrated in a rotary evaporator (Hamato, Japan) under reduced pressure at 40°C. e semidried residues were frozen in the refrigerator overnight and dried using a lyophilizer (Labfreez, China) to completely remove the solvent residue
Summary
According to the World Health Organization, diarrhea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day [1]. Diarrhea is a preventable and treatable disease, it is the 2nd leading cause of death in children under 5 years old [2]. Erefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of methanol crude extract of H. abyssinica leaves in mice. E antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract of H. abyssinica was investigated using three animal models such as small intestine transit, enteropooling, and castor oil-induced diarrhea models. E crude extract of H. abyssinica did not exhibit death at the limit dose (2 g/ kg) throughout the observation period. In the castor oil-induced model, the crude extract at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) antimotility effect as compared to the negative control. E crude extract of Hagenia abyssinica possesses antidiarrheal activity and supports the traditional use of H. abyssinica for the management of diarrhea Conclusion. e crude extract of Hagenia abyssinica possesses antidiarrheal activity and supports the traditional use of H. abyssinica for the management of diarrhea
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