Abstract
<p class="abstrak2">Methane emission from enteric is a sub-category considered under the Agriculture sector greenhouse gas emissions by UNFCCC, thus Indonesia developed calculation on enteric CH<sub>4</sub> EF for ruminant using Tier-2 method as country-specific emission factors (EF). Indonesia has huge amount of beef cattle population, which contributes significant amount to national enteric methane emission. The aim of this study was to estimate enteric methane EF for beef cattle in Indonesia using IPCC Tier-2 method. The EF generated from this study is then used to estimate the methane emitted from beef cattle. Data on beef cattle population was obtained from BPS, data on energy content of feed, feed intake and digestibility were compiled from laboratory analysis and published paper. Equations were adopted and followed the instruction of IPCC 2006. Local cattle has different CH<sub>4</sub> EF among each sub-category, which are ranging from 18.18 to 55.89 Kg head-1 yr-1, with the average of 36.75 head-1 yr-1. Imported beef cattle has lower CH<sub>4</sub> EF (25.49 kg head-1 yr-1) than the average for local beef cattle. Overall, the national CH<sub>4</sub> EF of beef cattle calculated by using IPCC Tier-2 method in Indonesia is 33.14 head-1 yr-1. The value is lower than default EF from IPCC for Asia country (47 kg head-1 yr-1). The conclusion is enteric CH<sub>4</sub> EF for beef cattle in Indonesia calculated using Tier-2 method shows the real livestock system in Indonesia condition. Further research needed to be addressed are calculation of EFs for various breeds and feeding systems, since large variations of breeds and types of feed among provinces in Indonesia.</p>
Highlights
Methane (CH4) is one of greenhouse gasses (GHG) produced from anthropogenic activities, including from livestock activity
emission factors (EF) is the emission factor, GEI is gross energy intake (MJ head-1 day-1), Ym is CH4 conversion factor (%) of GEI in feed that is converted to CH4, factor 55.65 (MJ/kg CH4) is the energy content of methane (IPCC 2006)
A Ym of 3.0%±1.0% was used for imported beef cattle because concentrated feed are offered more than 90%
Summary
Methane (CH4) is one of greenhouse gasses (GHG) produced from anthropogenic activities, including from livestock activity. The previous review of national GHG inventory in Indonesia was calculated by using Tier-1 method of IPCC In this method, GHG emission was calculated by multiplied livestock population with emission factor (EF). There are three Tiers methods are provided in IPCC guidelines book, which can be used to estimate methane emitted from livestock. When Tier-2 method is used to estimates methane emitted from livestock, the EF value used in the method must use a country specific EF value. The main objective of this study is to develop country specific EF for CH4 from enteric fermentation of beef cattle This EF is used to estimate the methane emitted from beef cattle in Indonesia by using Tier-2 method. Is required to identify contribution of livestock to Characterization of beef cattle population and nasional GHG emission
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