Abstract
The emission estimation of the oil and gas sector, which involves field test measurements, data analysis, and uncertainty estimation, precedes effective emission mitigation actions. A systematic comparison and summary of these technologies and methods are necessary to instruct the technology selection and for uncertainty improvement, which is not found in existing literature. In this paper, we present a review of existing measuring technologies, matching data analysis methods, and newly developed probabilistic tools for uncertainty estimation and try to depict the process for emission estimation. Through a review, we find that objectives have a determinative effect on the selection of measurement technologies, matching data analysis methods, and uncertainty estimation methods. And from a systematic perspective, optical instruments may have greatly improved measurement accuracy and range, yet data analysis methods might be the main contributor of estimation uncertainty. We suggest that future studies on oil and gas methane emissions should focus on the analysis methods to narrow the uncertainty bond, and more research on uncertainty generation might also be required.
Highlights
Methane emitted by energy activities accounts for about 20% of the anthropogenic methane emissions, the emission of the oil and gas sector accounts for the majority of the methane produced by energy activities [5]
This paper summarizes methane emission measurement technology, the adaptability of technology and application scenarios, the methods of calculating emission rates from methane concentrations, and the methods of analyzing the uncertainty of methane emissions
This paper summarizes the methane emission measurement technology, the adaptability of technology and application scenarios, the method of calculating emission rate from methane concentration, and the method of analyzing uncertainty of methane emission
Summary
Methane is the second largest greenhouse gas in the world, accounting for 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions [1]. It is a strong, short-lived greenhouse gas [2,3], having an indirect impact on human health and affecting the decomposition of some substances in the atmosphere during the process of decaying [4]. Methane emitted by energy activities accounts for about 20% of the anthropogenic methane emissions, the emission of the oil and gas sector accounts for the majority of the methane produced by energy activities [5]. The importance of mitigating methane emission from oil and gas has become increasingly prominent and has widely concerned the international community
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