Abstract
This study determined the effects of Metformin on plasma insulin, glucagon, oxidative stress status and histology of pancreas in diabetic rats. Grouping was carried out on 21 rats, and were assigned into 3 groups (n = 7 rats per group); non-DM, DM and DM+metformin (200 mg/kg). Diabetes Mellitus was induced and treatments were given daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Food intake, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucagon, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl were significantly higher while final body weight, insulin and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in Diabetes Mellitus group compared with non- Diabetes Mellitus group. There was significantly higher body weight, insulin level and total antioxidant capacity with significantly lower food intake, FBG, glucagon, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels in Diabetes Mellitus +Metformin group compared with the Diabetes Mellitus group. Pancreatic tissue histology revealed islet cells regeneration in Diabetes Mellitus +Metformin group. This in vivo study provides evidence of the potential of antihyperglycemic and improved oxidants- antioxidant status which may be due to the oral hypoglycaemic nature or effects of metformin as seen in this study.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has long been described as a metabolic disorder associated with abnormal glucose metabolism (ADA, 2016)
Food intake and body weight In DM group, total food intake was significantly higher while final body weight was significantly lower compared with non-DM group
The total food intake was significantly lower and final body weight was higher in DM+Metformin groups compared with DM group
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has long been described as a metabolic disorder associated with abnormal glucose metabolism (ADA, 2016). It's effect on the patient socio-economy, physical and medical state has become a major concern globally (IDF, 2016). Healthy life style and exercise remain a major effective strategic intervention (Zhang et al, 2017). Insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells is involved to decrease blood glucose level. Pancreatic beta cells are sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of its low antioxidant enzyme contents (Lei and Vataminiuk, 2011). In the process of cellular respiration, part of the oxygen taken into living cells is changed to several harmful ROS and free radicals (Adly, 2010). Superoxide anion radical (O-2) is one of the strongest ROS among the radicals that are generated after oxygen is taken into living cells. The O-2 changes to other harmful ROS, which are implicated in the aetiology of many diseases including DM (Roberto et al, 2017; Richard and Yong, 2010)
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