Abstract
Periodontitis is a progressive infectious inflammatory disease, which leads to alveolar bone resorption and loss of periodontal attachment. It is imperative for us to develop a therapeutic scaffold to repair the alveolar bone defect of periodontitis. In this study, we designed a new composite scaffold loading metformin (MET) by using the freeze-drying method, which was composed of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), chitosan (CTS) and the mesoporous silica (SBA-15). The scaffolds were expected to combine the excellent biocompatibility of CTS, the good bioactivity of β-TCP, and the anti-inflammatory properties of MET. The MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds showed improved cell adhesion, appropriate porosity and good biocompatibility in vitro. This MET composite scaffold was implanted in the alveolar bone defects area of rats with periodontitis. After 12 weeks, Micro-CT and histological analysis were performed to evaluate different degrees of healing and mineralization. Results showed that the MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds promoted alveolar bone regeneration in a rat model of periodontitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds have a positive effect on alveolar bone regeneration in periodontitis. Our findings might provide a new and promising strategy for repairing alveolar bone defects under the condition of periodontitis.
Highlights
Periodontitis is a common chronic infectious disease with tissue destruction around teeth such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone [1, 2]
The experimental test results showed that the incorporation of MET did not affect the porosity of the β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/CTS/SBA-15 scaffold and MET/β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffold
We synthesized the new MET-loaded β-TCP/CTS/SBA-15 scaffolds by using the freeze-drying method, which played a role in limiting periodontitis and repairing alveolar bone defects. β-TCP and CTS were the matrix material of the scaffold. β-TCP mainly played a role in promoting bone healing
Summary
Periodontitis is a common chronic infectious disease with tissue destruction around teeth such as gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone [1, 2]. Like the mineral phase of bone tissue, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has appropriate biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductive ability. It has unique features in biodegradation, solubility, and absorbance. Chitosan (CTS) plays a crucial role in many biological activities, including antimicrobial and wound healing [11] This material is applied to hemostasis, control of hypertension, drug delivery and has been extensively used as bone scaffold [12, 13]. Due to the positive effect on wound healing and anti-inflammation, CTS has received significant attention in dentistry It can be applied in all fields of dentistry including preventive dentistry, conservative dentistry, endodontics, surgery, periodontology, prosthodontics and orthodontics. As a representative silica-based mesoporous material, the mesoporous silica (SBA-15) is
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
