Abstract
BackgroundInterleukin-33 (IL-33) and homocysteine (Hcy) were found to be up-regulated in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the present study aimed to investigate whether metformin (MT) can influence the serum levels of IL-33 and Hcy in patients with DN.MethodsSixty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) were divided into DM group (albumin: Alb <20 mg/L), DN group (Alb >20mg/L), and DN+ MT treatment group, with 20 cases in each group. Patients in each group were treated with insulin for 3 months, and patients in DN+MT group was treated with insulin+MT for 3 months. The serum levels of IL-33, urinary microalbumin excretion rate (UAE), body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), creatinine (Cr), cystatin C (CysC) and Hcy were measured before and after medication. Twenty normal subjects were involved as control.ResultsBMI, Hcy and TC were reduced and HDL-C was increased of patients had been treated with metformin and insulin. UAE, Cr, Ccr and CysC had no differences before and after treatment. The serum level of IL-33 significantly up-regulated in patients with DN, and MT treatment significantly decreased the serum level of IL-33 in patients with DN.ConclusionMetformin could alleviate the symptom of patient with DN through decreasing the serum level of IL-33 and Hcy.
Highlights
Hcy is the intermediate production of methionine, it has been proved that the plasma level of Hcy is significantly up-regulated in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), which was mainly due to the decrease of excretion
Some of the serum samples were directly sent to the clinical laboratory for the measurement of TG, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Cr, cystatin C (CysC), Hcy using automatic biochemistry analyzer before and after medication; the serum levels of IL-33 (Cat no. ab223865; Abcam, USA) in each candidate was determined by using ELISA kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions; the urine of the patients was collected at 8:00 a.m., and the levels of urinary microalbumin excretion rate (UAE) in the urine of each patient was measured
We proved that metformin could alleviate the symptom of patient with DN by decreasing the serum levels of IL-33 and Hcy
Summary
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and homocysteine (Hcy) were found to be up-regulated in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the present study aimed to investigate whether metformin (MT) can influence the serum levels of IL-33 and Hcy in patients with DN. BMI, Hcy and TC were reduced and HDL-C was increased of patients had been treated with metformin and insulin. Metformin could alleviate the symptom of patient with DN through decreasing the serum level of IL-33 and Hcy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Hcy is the intermediate production of methionine, it has been proved that the plasma level of Hcy is significantly up-regulated in patients with DN, which was mainly due to the decrease of excretion.
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