Abstract
Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of PM2.5 concentrations and identifying their associated meteorological factors can provide useful insight for implementing air pollution interventions. In this study, we used daily air quality monitoring data for 28 air pollution transmission channel cities in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region during 2014–2019 to quantify the relative contributions of meteorological factors on spatiotemporal variation in PM2.5 concentration by combining time series and spatial perspectives. The results show that annual mean PM2.5 concentration significantly decreased in 24 of the channel cities from 2014 to 2019, but they all still exceeded the Grade II Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standards (35 μg m−3) in 2019. PM2.5 concentrations exhibited clear spatial agglomeration in the most polluted season, and their spatial pattern changed slightly over time. Meteorological variables accounted for 31.96% of the temporal variation in PM2.5 concentration among the 28 cities during the study period, with minimum temperature and average relative humidity as the most critical factors. Spatially, atmospheric pressure and maximum temperature played a key role in the distribution of PM2.5 concentration in spring and summer, whereas the effect of sunshine hours increased greatly in autumn and winter. These findings highlight the importance of future clean air policy making, but also provide a theoretical support for precise forecasting and prevention of PM2.5 pollution.
Highlights
Introduction iationsParticulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) represents one of the most serious air pollutant types due to its profound effects on human living environments [1,2,3]
Using a pollutant tracing model, Wang et al (2015) explored the regional contributions of PM2.5 pollution in Shijiazhuang, Xingtai and Handan, and found that regional contributions were larger in January than in July [52]. In accordance with these findings, our results showed clear large scale spatial autocorrelation of PM2.5 concentration occurred in autumn and winter, indicating that PM2.5 pollution in adjacent cities may strongly interact among the 28 cities of the BTH region during the latter half of the year
We investigated the spatial and temporal variation of PM2.5 concentration in 28 cities within the atmospheric pollution transmission channel in the BTH region with associated meteorological influences during 2014–2019
Summary
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) represents one of the most serious air pollutant types due to its profound effects on human living environments [1,2,3]. PM2.5 exerts extreme influences on human health and has been associated with respiratory problems, lung cancer, cardiovascular morbidity and infectious diseases [1,9,10]. Exposure to PM2.5 pollution was related to approximately 1.03 million deaths in the major cities of China in 2013 [11], 103.1 million disability-adjusted life-years and 4.2 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [12] and about 138,150, 80,945, and 18,752 premature deaths for all-cause, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases, respectively, in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei.
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