Metathesis Strategy for the Immobilization of Copper(II) onto Carboxymethylcellulose/Fe3O4 Nanohybrid Supports: Efficient and Recoverable Magnetic Catalyst for the CuAAC Reaction

Abstract

To overcome the inherent obstacles facing the traditional surface modification of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with appropriate capping agents to anchor the catalytically active complexes, a novel retrievable copper(II) catalyst immobilized on carboxymethylcellulose/Fe3O4 nanoparticles (CuII–CMC–Fe3O4) magnetic hybrid materials was successfully prepared through three steps of sequential metathesis and one step of oxidation. First, ferrous carboxymethylcellulose (CMC–FeII) was prepared by ionic exchange of ferrous chloride and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC–Na). Second, the resulting CMC–FeII was treated with NaOH solution to form the corresponding hybrid material Na–CMC–Fe(OH)2, which proceeded to be exposed to the air to afford the Na–CMC–Fe3O4. Finally, the as-prepared Na–CMC–Fe3O4 was immersed in copper sulfate solution to self-assembly-fabricate the CuII–CMC–Fe3O4 hybrid catalyst by ionic exchange of Cu(II) with Na–CMC–Fe3O4. The morphology and structural feature of the catalyst were characterized...