Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Focus on Panitumumab

Abstract

Biologic agents designed as targeted therapy are at the forefront of research in the field of colorectal cancer. Monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represent one such form of treatment, and the novel agent panitumumab is the first fully-human monoclonal antibody developed in this class. This drug is generally well-tolerated, with skin toxicities similar to those associated with other EGFR inhibitor therapies as the primary adverse effect. Efficacy has been evaluated in multiple settings, and panitumumab has demonstrated significant therapeutic effect both as monotherapy, as well as part of first- and second-line combination chemotherapy regimens. Panitumumab has also played a pivotal role in establishing the importance of biomarker science in the field of colorectal cancer and the whole of oncology. Studies demonstrating lack of therapeutic response to the agent in the setting of KRAS mutation led to the first indication of an agent based on genetic characteristics. Current and ongoing studies will continue to define panitumumab and determine its role in the treatment of colorectal cancer. This review will present background information on this therapeutic agent and explore present and future directions.