Metastasis of a Solitary Fibrous Tumor in the Mandible: A Case Report.

Abstract

The solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal neoplasm and belongs to the group of soft tissue sarcomas. The SFT is characterized by indolent, slowly progressive growth and manifests itself clinically by compression of neighboring structures. The treatment of choice is surgical removal of the tumor. In advanced stages, there is also the possibility of chemotherapy, systemic therapy, or immunotherapy, as well as radiotherapy. Depending on their location and severity, SFTs show different recurrence rates and survival functions. The present case report shows an extremely rare localization of a low-risk SFT in the floor of the mouth. Despite complete surgical removal of the SFT, the patient showed a metastasis of the SFT in the mandible two years postoperatively. Therefore, this case report shows that even a low-risk SFT in the localized stage can metastasize despite of total surgical removal. Consequently, SFTs of the head and neck region require close clinical and imaging follow-up. Although the localization of the SFT in the oral cavity is a rarity, this entity should be included in the differential diagnosis in the case of long-term space-occupying processes in the head and neck region. This report is the first regarding metastasis of a SFT to the mandible.