Abstract
This work investigates the relevance of analogy, metonymy and metaphor in word formation patterns and their products. Initially, the semantic side of proportional analogy in morphological restructuring is analyzed. The work then concentrates on the role of metonymy in the formation of instrumentals and agent nouns. The last part of the work is dedicated to the role of metaphor in compounding. The main point of the paper is to show how metaphor is fundamental to the constitution of the lexicon and, consequently, how unfortunate for the discussion of metaphor in language is the relative disregard to word-formation processes.
Highlights
This work investigates analogy, metonymy and metaphor in word formation patterns
In the first part of the work I analyze the role of analogy in some historical and recent cases of morphological restructuring, in English
My main goal is to show how fundamental metaphor and metonymy are for word-formation and, how unfortunate is the relative disregard to word-formation processes in the discussion of metaphor in language
Summary
This work investigates analogy, metonymy and metaphor in word formation patterns. In the first part of the work I analyze the role of analogy in some historical and recent cases of morphological restructuring, in English. Storage system:as we can mentally access one conceptual entity by means of another, it is possible to store only one conceptual entity instead of two or more partially connected entities This mechanism, together with the notion of metonymic models (Lakoff 1987, Chapter 5) constitutes a relevant word-formation strategy, which I approach in section 3 below. As for the issue of similarity, I assume that metaphors in word-formation are based on conceptualized similarity, with the proviso that conceptualized encompasses recognized, revealed, abstracted and even induced similarities. Those can be shown either in proportional structures or in frames which may involve linguistic and encyclopedic knowledge
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