Metamorphic evolution of the Tethyan Himalayan flysch in SE Tibet

Abstract

AbstractThe metamorphic conditions and the age of thermal overprint were determined in metapelites, metaarenites and metabasites of the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS) in SE Tibet using Kübler Index and vitrinite reflectance data and applying thermobarometrical (Thermocalc and PERPLEX) and geochronological methods (illite/muscovite K–Ar and zircon and apatite (U–Th)/He chronology). The multiple folded thrust pile experienced a thermal overprint reaching locally peak conditions between the diagenetic stage (c. 170 °C) and the amphibolite facies (c. 600 °C at 10 kbar). Burial diagenesis and heating due to Early Cretaceous dyke emplacement triggered the growth of illite in the metapelites. Eocene collision-related peak metamorphic conditions have been reached at c. 44 Ma. During collision the different tectonic blocks of the THS were tectonically buried to different structural levels so that they experienced maximum greenschist to amphibolite facies metamorphism. Later, during Oligocene to Miocene times the entire THS underwent anchi- to epizonal metamorphic conditions, probably associated to continuous deformation in the flysch fold-thrust-system. This period terminated at c. 24–22 Ma. Adjacent to the north Himalayan metamorphic domes, the base of the THS was metamorphosed during Miocene times (c. 13 Ma). Post-metamorphic cooling below c. 180 °C lasted until Late Miocene and took place at different times.