Abstract
In the Kupferschiefer sea by constant winds a sluggish circulation of an estuarine-like type developed, that means an outflow of surface water followed by an inflow of deeper water, overturning in the inner parts of the sea. This circulation led to trapping of the trace elements concentrated by the living plankton, and to high production in the innermost parts. The oxygen content of the inflowing water decreased in the direction of flow by decomposition of dead plankton sinking to depth, and this led to anoxic conditions in bottom waters, the oxygen demand surpassing circulatory replenishment of oxygen.
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