Metals and chemical compounds contaminants in diesel engine lubricant with B20 and B100 biofuels for long term operation

Abstract

Biodiesel fuel applications can be found in several sectors, including transport, power generation, industry, and commerce. Biodiesel has a high density, viscosity, and acidity than diesel fuel (B0) due to its characteristics, thus having a different effect on the lubricant side, particularly in the long term. This effect takes the form of an increase in the concentration of metal pollutants, both from friction and corrosion, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the system. The study shows that Fe, Al, and Cr concentrations on lubricants containing B100 were lower, whereas Cu and Pb metals were higher than those with B20. The results show that the average concentrations of Fe, Al, and Cr metal contaminants in the B100 fuel oil were lower by 28%; 13.5%; and 42%, respectively, while the Cu and Pb metals in lubricants with B100 fuel were 23% and 19% higher, respectively, compared to lubricants with B20 fuels. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) data shows that in the region of wave numbers 2850 cm−1 to 3000 cm−1, the strong absorption band occurred by showing the-CH group, which comes from the-CH2 and-CH3 groups and is mostly owned by hydrocarbon components.