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Abstract
Metal–organic framework nanosheets (MONs) have recently emerged as a distinct class of 2D materials with programmable structures that make them useful in diverse applications. In this review, the breadth of applications that have so far been investigated are surveyed, thanks to the distinct combination of properties afforded by MONs. How: 1) The high surface areas and readily accessible active sites of MONs mean they have been exploited for a variety of heterogeneous, photo‐, and electro‐catalytic applications; 2) their diverse surface chemistry and wide range of optical and electronic responses have been harnessed for the sensing of small molecules, biological molecules, and ions; 3) MONs tunable optoelectronic properties and nanoscopic dimensions have enabled them to be harnessed in light harvesting and emission, energy storage, and other electronic devices; 4) the anisotropic structure and porous nature of MONs mean they have shown great promise in a variety of gas separation and water purification applications; are discussed. The aim is to draw links between the uses of MONs in these different applications in order to highlight the common opportunities and challenges presented by this promising class of nanomaterials.
Highlights
Much of the early literature in this field been harnessed for the sensing of small molecules, biological molecules, and ions; 3) Metal-organic framework nanosheets (MONs) tunable optoelectronic properties and nanoscopic dimensions have enabled them to be harnessed in light harvesting and emission, energy storage, and other electronic devices; 4) the anisotropic structure and porous focused on the development of novel MON architectures and new routes towards their synthesis
We discuss how MONs have so far been used for heterogeneous, photoand electro-catalysis and highlight the different approaches and reactions that have been investigated in each case
Dong-Rong Xiao and co-workers have used MONs based on aggregation induced emission (AIE) ligands to develop ECL platforms that are quenched by ferrocene-tagged single-strand DNA (ssDNA).[136,137]
Summary
New catalysts are needed to reduce the cost and energy required to synthesize existing compounds, access new drugs and pesticides, split water, and capture carbon from the atmosphere. MONs combines many of the desirable aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in having well defined, tunable active sites and allowing easy recovery from the reaction mixture or immobilization on supports or as thin films. A key limitation of 3D MOFs as catalysts is that their active sites are typically buried within the bulk of the framework which can limit the rate at which reagents and products can interact with them. The high external surface area of MONs means their active sites are directly exposed to solution potentially leading to enhanced rates of catalysis compared to their 3D counterparts. We discuss how MONs have so far been used for heterogeneous-, photoand electro-catalysis and highlight the different approaches and reactions that have been investigated in each case
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