Abstract
Introduction: Apical periodontitis represents a local immune response directed against the progression of microorganisms from the dental pulp to the apical foramen and periapical tissues, which results in bone and dental resorption. The aim of this review is to describe the expression of this group of proteases in apical periodontitis and its modulation during the periapical healing phase following root canal treatment. Literature review: The pathogenesis of apical periodontitis involves degradation of several extracellular matrix components. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are expressed in response to specific stimuli by resident cells of connective tissue during tissue remodeling and by inflammatory cells that arrive into the surrounding tissues during inflammatory events. MMPs have been reported in apical periodontitis, either experimentally induced or obtained from humans and there is evidence that these enzymes show diff erent expression patterns in granulomas and periapical cysts. Root canal therapy is important for the reduction of periapical inflammation as well as the synthesis of MMPs, especially when using a calcium hydroxide-based dressing. Conclusion: Apical periodontitis show high expression of matrix metalloproteinases and root canal treatment results in less expression of MMPs when compared to untreated apical periodontitis.
Highlights
Apical periodontitis represents a local immune response directed against the progression of microorganisms from the dental pulp to the apical foramen and periapical tissues, which results in bone and dental resorption
Nas células presentes na região periapical havia menor expressão de Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2, -8 e -9 do que nos dentes com lesão periapical sem tratamento ou naqueles submetidos ao tratamento endodôntico em sessão única[7]
As lesões periapicais apresentam alta expressão de metaloproteinases da matriz e quando os dentes com lesão são submetidos ao tratamento endodôntico utilizando hidróxido de cálcio como curativo de demora existe menor expressão de Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) quando comparado às lesões periapicais não tratadas ou tratadas em sessão única
Summary
Apical periodontitis represents a local immune response directed against the progression of microorganisms from the dental pulp to the apical foramen and periapical tissues, which results in bone and dental resorption. As metaloproteinases da matriz estão envolvidas na lesão periapical de humanos e importância dessas proteases na patogênese da lesão periapical, principalmente para diferenciar cistos e granulomas periapicais de humanos foi demonstrada por meio da avaliação da expressão e atividade de metaloproteinases da matriz utilizando microarrays de DNA, zimografia in situ e imunohistoquímica[13,20].
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