Metallurgical Extraction of Copper in Ancient Egypt

Abstract

The origins of chemistry in ancient civilizations can be traced back to the initial human endeavors aimed at producing an elixir and transmuting base metals into gold. The discovery and utilization of metallic elements have played a pivotal part in the advancement of human civilizations, since they have facilitated the production of sturdier and longer-lasting materials. The ancient Egyptians were among the oldest civilizations to engage in metallurgical practices. The primary metallic elements employed in ancient Egyptian civilization encompassed copper, gold, silver, and iron. The utilization of copper in ancient Egypt was widespread and constituted a significant aspect of Egypt's industrial endeavors. The current paper investigates the many modes, procedures, and technologies employed in the metallurgical extraction of Copper in ancient Egypt. Keywords: Egypt, Copper, Metallurgy, Ore, Furnace.