Abstract
The electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a process characterized by high thermal demands, which tend to cause metallurgical changes in the surface of the workpiece [1-2]. This work aims to conduct a discussion of metallurgical changes in the surface of cavities obtained by the process of EDM in the machining of steel. Several variables were employed, such as cavity depth, electrode geometry and technological parameters of the process. Thus, the goal was to identify the different metallurgical changes that can occur in the machined surfaces. The evaluation of these changes was made from metallographic analysis, measurements of microhardness and of the depth of the layer affected by process. The results of this work identified several metallurgical changes such as formation of white layer, hardness variation and change of microstructure. The occurrence of microcracks also was observed, especially in severe conditions. The greatest variations in results were caused by the change of technological parameters. However, the variation in cavity depth and the change of the electrode geometry also showed influence on the results.
Highlights
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the most known and studied unconventional machining process
This paper presented a discussion of the main metallurgical alterations in surfaces machined by EDM process
The change of technological parameters caused the greater effects on the surfaces
Summary
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the most known and studied unconventional machining process. The main principle of processing the material is to copy the form of the work tool into the workpiece. It is a very simple process, but it involves many phenomena during the machining [1]. Some of the melted and all of the evaporated material is quenched and flushed away by dielectric liquid and the remaining melt recast on the finished surface. A heat affected zone is formed due to the rapid heating and quenching cycles during the process [2]
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