Metallothioneins in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Importance in Pathogenesis and Potential Therapy Target.

Anna Socha-Banasiak,Krzysztof Pacześ,Patrycja Sputa-Grzegrzółka,Elżbieta Czkwianianc,Piotr Dzięgiel,Beata Sordyl,Hanna Romanowicz,Jędrzej Grzegrzółka,Yu-Chen Fan

doi:10.1155/2021/6665697

Abstract

Immunological disorders, increased oxidative stress, and damage to the epithelial barrier play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), it is increasingly common to use biological drugs that selectively affect individual components of the inflammatory cascade. However, administering the medicines currently available does not always result in obtaining and maintaining remission, and it may also lead to the development of resistance to a given agent over time. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to the group of low molecular weight proteins, which, among others, regulate the inflammation and homeostasis of heavy metals as well as participating in the regulation of the intensity of oxidative stress. The results of the studies conducted so far do not clearly indicate the role of MTs in the process of inflammation in patients with IBD. However, there are reports that suggest the possibility of using MTs as a potential target in the treatment of this group of patients.

Highlights

According to the current state of knowledge, it is assumed that the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is multifactorial
One of the key proinflammatory cytokines associated with the development of IBD is TNFα, released mainly by monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes [5]. e increase in local TNFα synthesis goes along with a cascade of immune phenomena related to the excessive secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IFN), and a decrease in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL4, IL-10). is is accompanied by the activation of other signaling pathways involving a 17 response [6, 7]
In the case of Crohn’s disease (CD), inflammation is mainly related to the activation of 1 cells and increased production of Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Summary

Review Article

Metallothioneins in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Importance in Pathogenesis and Potential Therapy Target. Immunological disorders, increased oxidative stress, and damage to the epithelial barrier play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In the treatment of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), it is increasingly common to use biological drugs that selectively affect individual components of the inflammatory cascade. Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to the group of low molecular weight proteins, which, among others, regulate the inflammation and homeostasis of heavy metals as well as participating in the regulation of the intensity of oxidative stress. E results of the studies conducted so far do not clearly indicate the role of MTs in the process of inflammation in patients with IBD. There are reports that suggest the possibility of using MTs as a potential target in the treatment of this group of patients

Introduction

Findings

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