Metallo-porphyrins as gas sensing material for colorimetric gas sensors on planar optical waveguides

Abstract

The work presented here focuses on the investigations of metallo-porphyrins and their gasochromic behavior. Gasochromic materials change their color while they are exposed to a certain gas. So they offer the possibility to develop very selective chemical gas sensors. In the focus of this work is the metallo-porphyrin 5, 10, 15, 20- tetraphenylporphyrin-zinc (ZnTPP). When embedded into a polymeric matrix (PVC) the color change to the toxic gas NO₂ can be detected. During exposure to NO₂ the dye changes its color from bright purple to yellow. To develop a standalone gas sensor, the ZnTPP/PVC matrix is deposited onto a planar optical waveguide. The color change of the porphyrin dye, due to the gas exposure, can be detected in the evanescent field of the optical waveguide. Therefore the light of a high power LED is coupled into the waveguide. The color change of the porphyrin is detectable with photodiodes as variations of the decoupled light intensity. The sensor shows no cross-sensitivities to other gases like CO₂, NH₃, EtOH, CO or water vapor. NO₂ is detectable with a limit of 1 ppm.