Abstract
The influence of alloying with aluminium, manganese, silicon, tin and iron on the wear properties of special brass has been investigated, mainly in the region of severe wear. The surface layer developed during dry sliding against steel was characterized with respect to structure, composition and hardness. Irrespective of original structure and composition, a superficial extremely fine-grained layer of α phase is formed. Oxidation of β-phase-promoting elements causes the transition to the α phase. The grain size of this α phase is approximately 0.1 μm; the layer is much harder than the bulk material and has very special wear properties. Beneath there is a second layer mainly consisting of β phase with a fine grain size (2–5 μm) and an increased hardness relative to the bulk material. Additions of solution- and precipitation-hardening elements like tin, aluminium, manganese, silicon or iron have a positive effect on the resistance against wear, both in the mild and the severe regime. A comparison is made with a service-tested synchronizing ring with respect to the wear mechanisms and the resulting surface layer.
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