Abstract

This chapter introduces monofacial passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) and bifacial PERC+ solar cells which are the mainstream solar cell technology in the photovoltaic (PV) industry today. The authors describe the PERC solar cell design as well as major technology development steps in the past decades such as the bifacial PERC+ design. The process technology to manufacture PERC solar cells is covered, whereas the specific aspects of the screen-printed Ag front and Al rear metal contacts are introduced in detail in later sections. The busbar design of PERC metal grids for module interconnection is also discussed. Finally, an outlook on the future improvement opportunities of PERC and PERC+ solar cells is given, in particular regarding the metal contact design and its impact on conversion efficiency.

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