Abstract
A various of metal supported into natural zeolite was prepared via wet impregnation method. The transition metals impregnated are nickel, cobalt, copper and zinc. The catalytic properties both of physical and chemical properties were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo Gravimetri Analysis (TGA)-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Surface Area Analyzer-Porositymeter and also gravimetry method for acidity measurement following by the adsorption of organic bases. The results showed that different metals impregnated into natural zeolite affected physical and chemical properties, i.e. crystalinity, surface area, pore size, pore volume and acidity. Their catalytic activity was tested for conversion ethanol to gasoline and showed high conversion up to 80-90% with the aromatics as major product.
Highlights
Catalysis is one of the important steps in chemical processes[1,2]
The metal precursors consist of cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate, copper (II) nitrate hexahydrate, nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate, and zinc (II) nitrate hexahydrate in pure grade (Merck), while the other materials used are natural zeolite (NZ) from Gunung Kidul-Indonesia
In the natural zeolite (NZ) sample, there are five main peaks exhibited in the 2θ region 9.828°, 22.392°, 26.440°, 26.640°, and 28.016°
Summary
Catalysis is one of the important steps in chemical processes[1,2]. Bifunctional catalysts involved two active sides, both of metal and acid sites. The metal sites ussually come from a supported transition metal, such as Ni, Mo, W, Co, or their combinations, oxide, or sulfide of group VIII and/or group VI B[3]. The acid sites come from alumina-silica [4,5,6], various zeolites such as ZSM-5 [7], Y [8,9] and beta [10], MCM-41, and amorphous silica-alumina. Zeolite is known to have great potential as catalysts or catalyst supports because of their properties, such as high surface area, high porosity, high adsorption capacity, and easy to separate from reactant and products. The catalytic reactions depend on catalyst’s structure, acidity and reaction condition. [11,12]
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