Metal Recovery from Electronic Waste in the Framework of the Circular Economy

Abstract

Electronic and electrical waste or e-waste is rapidly emerging as a leading waste category, constituting approximately 8% of municipal waste. In 2019, around 53.6 million metric tons of e-waste were generated. Projections indicate a surge up to nearly 74 million metric tons of e-waste by 2030. Recycling and recovery of metals and other constituents from e-waste have become pivotal issues, raising significant environmental and socioeconomic concerns.