Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous materials constructed from metal-rich inorganic nodes and organic linkers. Because of their regular porosity in microporous or mesoporous scale and periodic intra-framework functionality, three-dimensional array of high-density and well-separated active sites can be built in various MOFs; such characteristics render MOFs attractive porous supports for a range of catalytic applications. Furthermore, the electrochemically addressable thin films of such MOF materials are reasonably considered as attractive candidates for electrocatalysis and relevant applications. Although it still constitutes an emerging subfield, the use of MOFs and relevant materials for electrocatalytic applications has attracted much attention in recent years. In this review, we aim to focus on the limitations and commonly seen issues for utilizing MOFs in electrocatalysis and the strategies to overcome these challenges. The research efforts on utilizing MOFs in a range of electrocatalytic applications are also highlighted.
Highlights
Electrochemical reactions are the redox reactions which take place solely at the interface of an electrode and the electrolyte
A layer of electrochemically active materials is coated on the surface of the electrode as a thin film; the thin film deposited on the electrode can be served as either the active material for the corresponding application or the material that can further enhance the performance of the corresponding application
To achieve a high reaction rate for the electrochemical reaction occurring at the active thin film, which is beneficial for electrocatalytic applications, electrocatalytically active
Summary
Electrochemical reactions are the redox reactions which take place solely at the interface of an electrode and the electrolyte Due to their attractive advantages, such as the simple control of reaction rate via changing the applied bias and the easy separation of reaction products from both half reactions, electrochemical systems have been utilized in various practical applications, including electrochemical sensors [1], supercapacitors [2], electrolysis [3,4,5], fuel cells [6,7], batteries [8], and electrochromic devices [9]. To achieve a high reaction rate for the electrochemical reaction occurring at the active thin film, which is beneficial for electrocatalytic applications, electrocatalytically active
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