Abstract
In the past decade, advances in electrically conductive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-based electronic devices have created new opportunities for the development of next-generation sensors. Here we review this rapidly-growing field, with a focus on the different types of device configurations that have allowed for the use of MOFs as active components of electronic sensor devices.
Highlights
Because most metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have intrinsically low electrical conductivity, their use in electronic sensor devices is limited [4,5] and most reports in this area focus on optical responses [6,7,8,9,10,11], or more complicated device architectures such as MOF-coated microcantilevers [12] or quartz crystal microbalances [13,14,15]
These advances are enabling a new generation of MOF-based electronic sensor devices, which display great promise as platform for the development of improved sensing technologies
Despite the limitations imposed by low conductivity, significant progress has been made in recent years, and MOF-based electronic sensor devices are poised to make a meaningful impact on gas sensing
Summary
Owing to their high surface areas and robust chemical tunability based on a “bottom-up” synthetic approach, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are enabling new applications in chemical sensing [1,2,3]. Advances over the past decade have led to new synthetic approaches towards MOFs that simultaneously display permanent porosity and high electrical conductivity and/or charge mobility [16]. These advances are enabling a new generation of MOF-based electronic sensor devices, which display great promise as platform for the development of improved sensing technologies. In this Review, we survey the burgeoning field of MOF-based electronic devices for chemical sensing, focusing on the different types of devices and measurement techniques that have been used to date. We will examine here only sensor devices in which the MOF functions as an active electrical component; we exclude devices in which the MOF plays a passive role such as an adsorbent coating or a selective molecular sieve [17,18]
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