Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Micro‐/Nanomotors for Wastewater Remediation

Abstract

Micro‐/nanomotors (MNMs) in water remediation have garnered significant attention over the past two decades. More recently, metal‐organic framework‐based micro‐/nanomotors (MOF‐MNMs) have been applied for environmental remediation; however, a comprehensive summary of research in this research area is yet to be reported. Herein, a review is presented to cover the recent advances in MOF‐MNMs and their various applications in wastewater remediation. The review presents a comprehensive introduction to MNMs, including different propulsion approaches, fabrication, and functionalization strategies, in addition to the unique features of MOF‐MNMs. The conception and various synthetic routes of MOF‐MNMs are extensively covered and the implementation of MOF‐MNMs in water‐related applications, including adsorption, degradation, sensing, and disinfection of different pollutants, is in depth discussed. Meanwhile, the propulsion and mechanism of action behind each MOF‐MNM are systematically studied. Finally, the review provides insights into the challenges and perspectives to build more effective MOF‐MNMs to cover versatile applications for wastewater treatment.