Abstract
AbstractMetal nanoparticles have been widely used in the treatment of diabetic wounds owing to their proven antibacterial activity and enhanced wound healing effects. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the use of metal nanoparticles in managing diabetic wounds, mainly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO nanoparticles), as well as their combination with biomaterials such as chitosan, bacterial cellulose, growth factors,etc. The combination of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials reportedly halts the growth and multiplication of bacterial strains commonly involved in diabetic wounds, including gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureusandAcinetobacter calcoaceticus) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli,andKlebsiella pneumoniae). Furthermore, these combinations have demonstrated enhanced wound healing of diabetic wounds duringin vitroandin vivostudies. Additionally, we highlighted the barriers and challenges associated with the use of metal nanoparticles, including toxicities. Moreover, toxicities were mainly related to the method of synthesis employed, as well as the physical characteristics of nanoparticles, including size, shape, surface charge, and morphology. Collectively, dual-therapy composed of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials has been shown to promote wound healing and can be developed as a promising future therapy for better outcomes in diabetic wound healing.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a predominant global health problem as new cases continue rising owing to an increase in population growth rates, overweight individuals or obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and a lack of physical activity [1,2]
Several therapeutic strategies consisting of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials have been reported; this review mainly focuses on in vitro and in vivo studies related to diabetic wounds
This review summarizes the importance of metal nanoparticles and their combination with biomaterials
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a predominant global health problem as new cases continue rising owing to an increase in population growth rates, overweight individuals or obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and a lack of physical activity [1,2]. Diabetic patients are commonly associated with complications such as neuropathy, immune system deficiency, and infections that slow down the wound healing process [3]. Delayed wound healing and its associated complications may affect the patient’s quality of life and increase the risk of amputation. Many therapeutics have been proposed to improve healing in diabetic wounds, the use of metal nanoparticles, such as silver
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