Abstract
Dry reforming of hydrocarbons (DRH) is a pro-environmental method for syngas production. It owes its pro-environmental character to the use of carbon dioxide, which is one of the main greenhouse gases. Currently used nickel catalysts on oxide supports suffer from rapid deactivation due to sintering of active metal particles or the deposition of carbon deposits blocking the flow of gases through the reaction tube. In this view, new alternative catalysts are highly sought after. Transition metal carbides (TMCs) can potentially replace traditional nickel catalysts due to their stability and activity in DR processes. The catalytic activity of carbides results from the synthesis-dependent structural properties of carbides. In this respect, this review presents the most important methods of titanium, molybdenum, and tungsten carbide synthesis and the influence of their properties on activity in catalyzing the reaction of methane with carbon dioxide.
Highlights
Synthetic gas, called syngas, is one of the most important intermediates for the production of fuels, acetic acid, ammonia, and methanol, and the Fischer–Tropsch process
The aim of this study is to review recent developments in the fields of preparation methods and their effect on the activity of transition metal carbides in the dry reforming of hydrocarbons
Tungsten or molybdenum carbide can act as redox catalysts in dry methane reforming, but it is worth bearing in mind that at atmospheric pressure, the reaction of CO2 with this type of carbide is more favorable than the reaction of CH4 with the oxides formed [69]
Summary
Synthetic gas, called syngas, is one of the most important intermediates for the production of fuels, acetic acid, ammonia, and methanol, and the Fischer–Tropsch process. Over the past 20 years, there has been a significant increase in interest in both the dry reforming process and transition metal carbide catalysts, including their synthesis and applications in the DR process. There are still few reviews of this topic in the literature In this regard, the aim of this study is to review recent developments in the fields of preparation methods and their effect on the activity of transition metal (molybdenum, tungsten, and titanium) carbides in the dry reforming of hydrocarbons
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