Abstract

Drinking water sources in Norway are characterized by high concentrations of natural organic matter, low pH, low alkalinity and low turbidity. The removal of natural organic matter is therefore in many cases a general requirement in producing potable water. Drinking water treatment plants are commonly designed with coagulation direct filtration, or with nanofiltration spiral-wound membrane processes. This study investigates the feasibility and potential of using inorganic metal microfiltration membranes in a submerged membrane configuration with coagulation pretreatment for drinking water production.

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