Abstract
The capacity of polyelectrolytes (PELs) to enhance the metal ion retention in a double emulsion system (DES) was studied by diafiltration. Our results indicate that PELs can increase the maximum retention capacity of DES as functional groups of polymer are being saturated. Increase of retention can be explained by interaction between reverse emulsion globules and metal–polymer species formed in solution. Assuming an inert membrane, if the amount of added metal ion is lower than the polymer’s maximum retention capacity, then the retention system behaves as if the polymer was the single retainer element in the filtration cell. For poly(acrylic acid), retention/adsorption and transport/regeneration processes were strongly associated to changes in hydrophilic–lipophilic balance of polymer chains; whereas for poly(vinyl sulfonic acid) and poly(sodium 4-styrensulfonate), these processes were mainly associated to screening of surface charge density of macromolecule in solution.
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