Abstract
Significant progress in the installation of renewable energy requires the improvement of energy production and storage technologies. Hydrogen energy storage systems based on reversible metal hydride materials can be used as an energy backup system. Metal hydride hydrogen storage systems are distinguished by a high degree of safety of their use, since hydrogen is stored in a solid phase, a high volumetric density of stored hydrogen, and the possibility of long-term storage without losses. A distinctive feature of metal hydride materials is the reversible and selective absorption and release of high-purity hydrogen. This paper presents experimental studies of LaNi5-based metal hydride materials with a useful hydrogen capacity of 1.0–1.3 wt.% H2with equilibrium pressures of 0.025 - 0.05 MPa and 0.1 - 1.2 MPa at moderate temperatures of 295 - 353 K for the hydrogen purification systems and hydrogen long-term storage systems, respectively. The applicability of metal hydride technologies for renewable energy sources as energy storage systems in the form of hydrogen is also shown.
Highlights
In recent years, there is a steady increase of installed capacity based on renewable energy resources
According to power plants based on wind or sun renewable energy sources, energy transformation can be shown as hydrogen production by electrolysis from renewable energy, hydrogen storage in a compressed or solid-state form and power generation by fuel cells or hydrogen combustion plants [4, 8]
Highest reversible capacity is measured 1.2%wt. for LaNi4.8Al0.2, but hydrogen equilibrium pressure is too high for use in biohydrogen purification
Summary
There is a steady increase of installed capacity based on renewable energy resources. According to power plants based on wind or sun renewable energy sources, energy transformation can be shown as hydrogen production by electrolysis from renewable energy, hydrogen storage in a compressed or solid-state form and power generation by fuel cells or hydrogen combustion plants (including internal combustion engines) [4, 8]. Another promising solution is biological hydrogen production from local biomass, its purification and end-use in fuel cell to produce energy [9,10,11].
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