Abstract
Welding is one of the fundamental processes and considered the world’s most vital trades especially in metal industries. Along with mechanization and automation growth in the welding process, there is increasing concern over occupational lung disease among welders due to exposure towards welding fumes in a body shop area of automotive industries. This paper reviews previous studies on the implications of metal-rich contained in automotive welding fumes to lung disease risk among welders. In total, 123 publications for original papers, review articles and statements published in PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct that were relevant to research on lung diseases associated with metal-rich element contained in welding fumes are cited in this review article from 1950 to 2016. The presence of a specific heavy metal emitted in the automotive industrial joining process and the risk of lung disease are discussed systematically. These findings suggest that further studies on interactions of hexavalent chromium, nickel, iron, cadmium, aluminium and beryllium from welding fumes and induction of lung disease in automotive industries are highly warranted.
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