Abstract
Although still in its infancy, metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) has arrived at construction scale. In this paper, a review of recent developments in metal AM in structural engineering is presented, including the latest research advances, lessons learned from other sectors and applications in practice. Emphasis is placed on Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) since this is deemed to be the most promising technique for the requirements of the construction sector. Optimization and additive manufacturing go hand in hand, with the latter now enabling the former to be more readily realised in practice. Recent examples of optimized, additively manufactured structural components are presented. Finally, the potential use of WAAM in the strengthening and repair of structures, as well as the economics, sustainability and outlook for WAAM in structural engineering, are presented.
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