Metakaolin-based geopolymer formation and properties: The influence of the maturation period and environment (air, demineralized and sea water)

Abstract

Preparation and application parameters are decisive for the use of any construction or repair material. For this reason, the effect of the maturation period and the influence of the surrounding environment (air, demineralized and sea water) on geopolymer properties has been studied. Geopolymer samples prepared with the maturation period of 2 and 28 days have been exposed to air, demineralized or sea water. The solids were then investigated in terms of their mechanical properties, the formation of geopolymer netting, and their stability in aqueous media. The presented results have proven that shortening the maturation period has a marginal effect on the final properties of geopolymer solids. Infrared spectroscopy has revealed that neither the length of the maturation period nor the ambient environment investigated has an effect on the formation of geopolymer bonds. No undesirable crystalline phases have been formed, which also concerns sea water. The submersion in aqueous media as early as 2 days after preparation, even in sea water, has no significant adverse effects on geopolymer bond formation or properties. These findings can facilitate the potential public acceptance and wider application of geopolymers in practice.