Abstract
A solar cell current usually depends on bandgap, carrier lifetime, diffusion length, diffusion constant, ideality factor, and so on. This article proposes a model that shows direct dependency of bandgap in the solar cell current equation. It is based on foundation principles satisfactory of a single junction being extended to multi-junction solar cell applications with different bandgaps. Different proven optimization techniques such as the Gauss–Newton optimization, Levenberg–Marquardt optimization, differential evolution algorithm, and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) were used for parameter extraction and optimization. To demonstrate the better optimization of model data with experimental data, further analysis of results was carried out on the basis of percentage deviation and error comparison. Complete comprehensive and comparative analysis of results of error and percentage deviation from different standard iterative optimization techniques proves the WOA as one of the best optimization techniques among all. As a result, the WOA offers a better optimal solution of model parameters with the best convergence of model data with the experimental data that shows the smallest possible value of error and minimum percentage deviation.
Highlights
Mathematical modeling of the solar cell is imperative to analyze and comprehend the lumped circuit model parameters such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), efficiency, maximum power point (Pmax), and fill factor (FF)
Several numerical models are proposed to prevail over the cumbrous analytical process involved in peak power calculation, parameter extraction, and the methodology of biasing point analysis
Parameter extraction and model optimization were carried out by the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Levenberg– Marquardt optimization (LMO), Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA), and Gauss–Newton optimization (GNO), where different bandgap values are considered from the corresponding literature
Summary
Mathematical modeling of the solar cell is imperative to analyze and comprehend the lumped circuit model parameters such as open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), efficiency, maximum power point (Pmax), and fill factor (FF). Several numerical models are proposed to prevail over the cumbrous analytical process involved in peak power calculation, parameter extraction, and the methodology of biasing point analysis. Different I–V models are put into practice to facilitate the tough process involved in iterative calculations of implicit functions for the computation of peak power point analysis and the fill factor. These rigorous iterative optimization techniques are verified for parameter extraction and model optimization in which the best convergence of model data with experimental data from different literature works is selected. These optimization processes are developed in a MATLAB environment.
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