Abstract
This paper proposes a method of modeling and simulation for estimation of the fraction cloud cover into the dispatch of MicroGrids based in Genetic Algorithm. The main objective is to investigate the operational conditions of photovoltaic plants under the effect of cloud cover in a window of time in an interval of 1 minute or less. To verify the influence of the percentage of cloud coverage, it evaluates the influence of climatic variables, which represent the constraints of the objective function of the system, and the photovoltaic generation capacity at each time interval. The effect of cloud behavior uncertainty, study area energy demand and real-time generation lead to optimization through meta-heuristic to the optimum state of the system. The final evaluation of the study led to the observation of a considerable effect of cloud cover, even in a system with low penetration of photovoltaic plants, the fluctuations in energy generation started to present themselves in a more realistic way - especially when cloud coverage is more intense. In this case, the constraints on the objective function influence considerably the difference between the energy generated without the effect of the cloud cover and the resulting energy taking into account the effective percentage of the cloud cover of the study area.
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