Abstract
With the advancement of sequencing technology, the studies related to the complex nature of microbial communities are possible to be untapped. The goal of this study is to perform a comparison between the composition of bacteria between the gut of Malaysian indoor and street cats. For this research, stool samples of the cats were collected where the genomic DNA were extracted using DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit. The extracted DNA were sequenced by targeting the bacterial community using primers from V4 region of 16S rRNA. The raw data were analysed using QIIME2 to obtain the diversity, taxonomy, and differential abundance between the groups. Here, we found that indoor and street cats have similar alpha diversity (p > 0.05), with slight differences between the groups based on the bacterial composition. Likewise, the beta diversity suggest that the two groups are similar to each other. The genus Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Collinsella, Enterococcus, Cantenibacterium and Lactobacillus from phylum Firmicutes while were found to be more abundant in indoor cats while street cats had more of the phylum Actinobacteria from the genus of Acinetobacter, Blautia, and Olsenella. Hence, we observed whether a cat is kept indoor or is a stray does not significantly cause a shift in their respective microbiota composition.
Highlights
Microbiota is known as a microbial community that shares either commensalism, mutualistic or pathogenic relationships
With consideration of the data generated from subject c1, it can be said that the 5 samples selected for indoor cats can roughly reflect the general background of most indoor cats found typically in Malaysian homes
Results showed that indoor cats and outdoor cats have the same alpha diversity
Summary
Microbiota is known as a microbial community that shares either commensalism, mutualistic or pathogenic relationships. Studies on mammals such as dogs and cats are getting highlights as these animals are kept as human beings' pets and inhibit the same living quarters. Through evolution, these animals have adapted over time to be more domesticated and reliant on humans while having notable changes to their physical structures [3]. The interactions between gut microbiota and the host are involved in many bodily functions, such as digestion, host metabolism, vitamins synthesis, biotransformation of bile acids, xenobiotics metabolism, correct maturation of gastrointestinal cells, autoimmunity and defence against pathogenic bacteria [5], [6]
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