Abstract
Multimorbidity, the simultaneous presence of two or more chronic diseases, affects the health care to a great extent. Its association with health care cost, more disability, and poor quality of life makes it a major public health risk. The matter of worry is that management of a multimorbid condition is complicated by the fact that multiple types of treatment may be required to treat different diseases at a time, and the interaction between some of the therapies can be detrimental. Understanding the causal factors of simultaneously occurring disease conditions and investigating the connected pathways involved in the whole process may resolve the complication. When different disease conditions present in an individual share common responsible factors, treatment strategies targeting at those common causes will certainly reduce the chance of development of multimorbidity occurring because of those factors. Metabolomics that can dig out the underlying metabolites/molecules of a medical condition is believed to be an effective technique for identification of biomarkers and intervention of effective treatment strategies for multiple diseases. We hypothesize that understanding the metabolic profile may shed light on targeting the common culprit for different/similar chronic diseases ultimately making the treatment strategy more effective with a combinatorial effect.
Highlights
Multimorbidity, which is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, has become a global health problem for health policy makers and health care providers
When different disease conditions present in an individual share common responsible factors, treatment strategies targeting at those common causes will certainly reduce the chance of development of multimorbidity occurring because of those factors
The PI3K/AKT pathway is known as a master regulator of cellular metabolism, and its activation is directly correlated with the cellular metabolism. This pathway has been found to be associated with atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and multimorbidities, and activated AMPK leads to extended life span and reduces diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases in primates (Lamming et al, 2013; Li et al, 2021). These evidences suggest the plausible involvement of metabolic pathways in simultaneous presence of multiple chronic conditions, and their inhibition offers a future therapeutic opportunity
Summary
Multimorbidity, which is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions, has become a global health problem for health policy makers and health care providers. This pathway has been found to be associated with atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and multimorbidities, and activated AMPK (central regulator of energy homeostasis) leads to extended life span and reduces diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases in primates (Lamming et al, 2013; Li et al, 2021) These evidences suggest the plausible involvement of metabolic pathways in simultaneous presence of multiple chronic conditions, and their inhibition offers a future therapeutic opportunity. Defective autophagy is known to be involved in ageing, agerelated diseases, and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and might be the common pathway for multiple disease conditions and responsible for their clustering or multimorbidity in COPD patients (Schneider and Cuervo, 2014) Sirtuin is another important protein that plays key roles in cellular functioning. Metabolomic profiling of the patients may provide details of the molecules/products involved in the disease pathways and their link with gut microbiota
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