Abstract
To improve the clinical course of diseases, more accurate diagnostic and assessment methods are required as early as possible. In order to achieve this, metabolomics offers new opportunities for biomarker discovery in complex diseases and may provide pathological understanding of diseases beyond traditional technologies. It is the systematic analysis of low-molecular-weight metabolites in biological samples and has become an important tool in clinical research and the diagnosis of human disease and has been applied to discovery and identification of the perturbed pathways. It provides a powerful approach to discover biomarkers in biological systems and offers a holistic approach with the promise to clinically enhance diagnostics. When carried out properly, it could provide insight into the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of diseases, help to identify patients at risk of disease, and predict the response to specific treatments. Currently, metabolomics has become an important tool in clinical research and the diagnosis of human disease and becomes a hot topic. This review will highlight the importance and benefit of metabolomics for identifying biomarkers that accurately screen potential biomarkers of diseases.
Highlights
Metabolomics, an omic science, deals with the global assessment of the metabolites present in a biological system to evaluate the progress of the disease, select potential biomarkers, and provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology [1]
The objective of this paper is to find metabolites that can be used as a clinical test for the early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease and the outcome of therapy and discuss its significance in depth in the postgenomic era and it highlights clinical associations and potential challenges
Itaconic acid was found to be significantly more abundant in women who subsequently developed gestational diabetes mellitus and may have potential as a novel biomarker in early pregnancy to predict the subsequent development of gestational diabetes mellitus. These results demonstrate that robust metabolomics has the potential as a noninvasive strategy and promising screening tool to evaluate the potential of these metabolites in the early diagnosis of patients and provides new insight into pathophysiological mechanisms
Summary
Metabolomics, an omic science, deals with the global assessment of the metabolites present in a biological system to evaluate the progress of the disease, select potential biomarkers, and provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology [1]. Metabolomics has the potential to generate novel noninvasive diagnostic tests and provides a unique insight into established and novel metabolic pathways, which are simple and cost-effective yet retain high sensitivity and specificity characteristics [7]. Because of this potential, the objective of this paper is to find metabolites that can be used as a clinical test for the early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease and the outcome of therapy and discuss its significance in depth in the postgenomic era and it highlights clinical associations and potential challenges. An overview of most interesting recent biomarker discovery publications is provided to highlight the clinical applications of metabolomic techniques used for bioanalytical data interpretation
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