Metabolomic Profiles of Essential Oils from Selected Rosa Varieties and Their Antimicrobial Activities.

Esraa A Elhawary,Rola M Labib,Abdel Nasser Singab,Nada M Mostafa

doi:10.3390/plants10081721

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the essential oils of the aerial parts (A) and flowers (F) of Rosa banksiae var. banksiae Ait. (RBW), Rosa polyantha Thunb. “orange fairy” (RPO) and Rosa polyantha Thunb. “white fairy” (RPW), family Rosaceae, and perform multivariate data analyses and antimicrobial activity evaluations. The essential oil analyses were performed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and clustered heat map were used for the multivariate analyses. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the well-diffusion method against four bacteria and four fungi. Two hundred fifty-three compounds were identified from the six oil samples. The major components in RBW-A, RPO-A, and RPW-A were n-undecane (14.40, 19.36, and 9.21%) n-dodecane (14.54, 22.13, and 8.39%), and yomogi alcohol (8.41, 10.53, and 6.28%), respectively, whereas RBW-F, RPO-F and RPW-F contained n-heptadecane (16.70%), n-undecane (7.98%), and β-phellandrene (22.78%), respectively. The tested essential oils showed moderate antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus compared to amphotericin B. PCA and HCA revealed five main clusters. The six samples carried close chemical profiles and can be regarded as fruitful sources of safe antifungal agents.

Highlights

Rosa banksiae var. banksiae Ait. was used for its antifungal activity, while Rosa polyantha Thunb. leaves were used as a poultice applied to sores and for skincare
The average yields of the hydro-distilled essential oils of RBW, Rosa polyantha Thunb. “white fairy” (RPW), and Rosa polyantha Thunb. “orange fairy” (RPO) essential oils, in terms of dry weight, were 0.25 ± 0.01, 0.47 ± 0.02, and 0.39 ± 0.01 mL/100 g dry weight for the aerial parts and 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.29 ± 0.02, and 0.25 ± 0.01 mL/100 g dry weight for the flowers, respectively
RBW, RPW, and RPO family Rosaceae were evaluated through GC/FID and GC/MS analyses, and a total of 253 compounds were identified, both qualitatively and quantitatively

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Rosaceae is composed of 100 genera and 3400 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees, whereas the genus Rosa comprises over 250 species [1]. Banksiae Ait. was used for its antifungal activity, while Rosa polyantha Thunb. Leaves were used as a poultice applied to sores and for skincare. The ability of Rosa species to control microbes may be attributed to their high content of vitamin C, in hips and flowers, and other different phenolic and flavonoid constituents [2].

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