Abstract
This study aimed to determine nutrient metabolizability coefficients and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn) values of moringa leaf meal and bocaiuva pulp for slow-growing broilers. Three hundred and fifty 1-day-old chicks of the Red Naked Neck line were allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design with seven replicates of 10 birds. Treatments consisted of a control diet and four test diets. The proportion of ingredients evaluated in the test diets was 20% moringa leaf meal and bocaiuva pulp and 40% corn and soybean meal. The total excreta collection method was applied with 1% ferric oxide included in the diets as a marker of start and end of collection, in the starter, grower and finisher phases. The metabolizability coefficients of dry matter, crude protein and ether extract and the AME and AMEn values of moringa leaf meal, bocaiuva pulp, corn and soybean meal were determined. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey’s test at the 5% probability level. The protein from moringa leaf meal and the fat from bocaiuva pulp are highly metabolizable by birds at different ages. The AME and AMEn values of moringa leaf meal ranged from 2557 to 2868 Kcal/kg and 2205 to 2479 Kcal/kg, respectively. In bocaiuva pulp, AME and AMen ranged between 2680 and 3119 Kcal/kg and 2483 and 2490 Kcal/kg, respectively. Therefore, the alternative ingredients can be used in the formulation of diets for slow-growing broilers to partially replace corn and soybean meal.
Highlights
The main raw materials used in the formulation of poultry diets directly influence rises in production costs
The treatments consisted of a corn- and soybean meal-based control diet formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of brown-egg replacement layers, according to Rostagno et al (2017) (Table 2); a test diet composed of 80% of control diet + 20% moringa leaf meal; a test diet composed of 80% of control diet + 20% bocaiuva meal; a test diet composed of 60% of control diet + 40% corn; and a test diet composed of 60% of control diet + 40% soybean meal
In the period of 19 to 26 days of age, the highest metabolizability coefficients of dry matter (MCDM) (P
Summary
The main raw materials used in the formulation of poultry diets (corn and soybean meal) directly influence rises in production costs. To formulate nutritionally viable diets, it is essential to know the nutritional value of feedstuffs (Generoso et al 2008) and the growth and energy metabolism of birds and investigate the factors that affect them as well as the availability and utilization of the other diet nutrients (Sakomura et al 2004a). The choice of which feedstuffs to use in the formulation of broiler diets depends on detailed knowledge of their chemical composition, viability of inclusion and intended inclusion levels (Mutayoba et al 2011; Ebenebe et al 2013; Gadziraya et al 2012), as well as how the nutrients will be utilized through the different animal life stages (Santos et al 2012) The variable chemical composition of feedstuffs has been a major problem to nutritionists (Generoso et al 2008), because the nutritional value of those ingredients is related to the soil-climatic conditions of the area where the plant was grown and its vegetative stage, harvest age and fraction used (leaves, stems or stem + leaves, pulp, whole fruit) (Brito et al 2005; Arruda et al 2010).
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