Abstract
One new diterpenoid, diaporpenoid A (1), two new sesquiterpenoids, diaporpenoids B–C (2,3) and three new α-pyrone derivatives, diaporpyrones A–C (4–6) were isolated from an MeOH extract obtained from cultures of the mangrove endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. QYM12. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and a comparison of the specific rotation. Compound 1 had an unusual 5/10/5-fused tricyclic ring system. Compounds 1 and 4 showed potent anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 21.5 and 12.5 μM, respectively.
Highlights
Mangrove endophytic fungi are the second largest ecological group of the marine fungi [1]
QYM12, which was isolated from Kandelia candel collected from the South China Sea, was cultured in solid rice medium
QYM12, which was isolated from Kandelia candel, Dongzhai Harbor Mangrove Nature Reserve Area, was cultured in solid rice medium, leading to the identification of six new metabolite diaporpenoids A-C (1–3) and diaporpyrones A-C (4–6)
Summary
Mangrove endophytic fungi are the second largest ecological group of the marine fungi [1]. The particular environmental conditions of mangroves allow the activation of unique metabolic pathways in endophytic fungi, enabling the production of novel chemical backbones with diverse biological activities, making them a promising source of drug leads [2,3,4,5]. Diaporthe is a ubiquitous fungus commonly isolated from most plant hosts [6]. It is known to produce diverse compounds with antibacterial [7], antifungal [6], cytotoxic [8], antitubercular [9], antiparasitic [10] and anticancer [11] activities. With the aim of seeking new bioactive natural products from marine microorganisms, a mangrove endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp.
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