Abstract
BackgroundWe have searched if plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration interferes simultaneously with whole-body cholesterol metabolism and insulin sensitivity in normal weight healthy adult subjects.MethodsWe have measured the activities of several plasma components that are critically influenced by insulin and that control lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with low and high HDL-C concentrations. These parameters included cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP), lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), post-heparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL), pre-beta-1HDL, and plasma sterol markers of cholesterol synthesis and intestinal absorption.ResultsIn the high-HDL-C group, we found lower plasma concentrations of triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, insulin, HOMA-IR index, activities of LCAT and HL compared with the low HDL-C group; additionally, we found higher activity of LPL and pre-beta-1HDL concentration in the high-HDL-C group. There were no differences in the plasma CETP and PLTP activities.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that in healthy hyperalphalipoproteinemia subjects, several parameters that control the metabolism of plasma cholesterol and lipoproteins are related to a higher degree of insulin sensitivity.
Highlights
We have searched if plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration interferes simultaneously with whole-body cholesterol metabolism and insulin sensitivity in normal weight healthy adult subjects
For being slightly older than the hypoalphalipoproteinaemics a diminished degree of insulin sensitivity should have been expected in our hyperalphalipoproteinaemics and yet the opposite was found which reinforces the conclusion that our results were not biased by age differences between the groups
Plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity significantly reduced in the hyperalphalipoproteinaemic cases compared with the hypoalphalipoproteinaemic cases is congruent with the elevated plasma LCAT activity found in metabolic syndrome attributed to insulin resistance [31]
Summary
We have searched if plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration interferes simultaneously with whole-body cholesterol metabolism and insulin sensitivity in normal weight healthy adult subjects. The low plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is an independent risk factor for ischemic heart disease and has complex multifactorial causes involving the actions of many genes. The ABCA1 receptor is considered a major factor in the maintenance of the plasma HDL-C concentration and for cell cholesterol efflux essential to prevent pancreatic islet lipid accumulation [5] and carriers of loss-of-function mutations in ABCA1 show impaired insulin secretion with [6] or without insulin resistance [7]. In non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus pancreatic beta cells may fail to compensate for insulin resistance and the ABCA1 receptor, a cellular cholesterol transporter, plays a role as a regulator of cholesterol homeostasis and insulin secretion in these cells [13]. HDL exerts insulin-sensitizing effects enhancing the glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients [14]
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