Metabolism of microelements in cattle of the holsteen breed in biogeochemical conditions of the Astrakhan region

Abstract

In connection with the intensification and specialization of agricultural production, in particular animal husbandry, in the Astrakhan region, the volume of work of veterinary specialists has sharply increased in carrying out planned measures to prevent and improve methods of treating internal noncommunicable diseases, as well as the study of metabolic disorders in productive animals, in particular, by application of biotic doses of microelements in animal husbandry. Our work presents data from biogeochemical studies of pasture ecosystems in the Astrakhan region.The studies were carried out in the spring -summer period of 2021-2022 on groups of different ages (6 months, 12 months, 36 months, 72 months) of Holstein cattle owned by citizens and farms of Limansky, Kamyzyaksky and Privolzhsky districts of the Astrakhan region.In addition, in 10 cattle animals, during planned slaughter, various tissues and organs were taken for analysis in order to determine the level of trace elements.Determination of the levels of trace elements in the ecosystem was carried out in the Astrakhan region at the latitude 46° 20’58" (46° 20'98) north latitude and longi tude 48°2'26" (48° 2'44) east longitude.Trace elements in the selected samples of the pasture ecosystem, as well as in the organs and tissues of cattle, were determined by the atomic absorption method. A low level of trace elements was found in the soil, plants and feed of the ecosystem of the Astrakhan region relative to the "reference" chernozem region, where animal hypomicroelementoses and regulatory data are not recorded.The highest concentration of iodine was recorded in the blood - 0.58 ± 0.008 mg/kg, and the lowest - in the muscle tissue (0.09 ± 0.002 mg/kg), the highest concentration of selenium was determined in the tissues of the kidneys and liver (0.74 ± 0.018 and 0 .72 ± 0.113 mg/kg, respectively), and the smallest - in the muscles and lungs. The concentration of manganese in the body of cattle ranged from 32.98 ± 1.18 to 67.46 ± 1.33 mg/kg.