Abstract
Chilies are widely cultivated for their rich metabolic content, especially capsaicinoids. In our study, we determined individual sugars, organic acids, capsaicinoids, and total phenolic content in pericarp, placenta, and seeds of Capsicum annuum L., Capsicum chinense Jacq. and Capsicum baccatum L. by HPLC/MS. Dry weight varied in the cultivar ‘Cayenne’, with the first fruit having the lowest dry weight, with 4.14 g. The total sugar content and organic acid content did not vary among the fruits of all three cultivars. The cultivar ‘Cayenne’ showed differences in total phenolic and capsaicinoid content between fruits in the placenta, with the first fruit having the highest content of total phenolics (27.85 g GAE/kg DW) and total capsaicinoids (16.15 g/kg DW). Of the three cultivars studied, the cultivar ‘Habanero Orange’ showed the least variability among fruits in terms of metabolites. The content of dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin, and homodihydrocapsaicin in the seeds of the second fruit was higher than that of the first fruit of the cultivar ‘Bishop Crown’. The results of our study provided significant insight into the metabolomics of individual fruits of the same chili plant. We have thus increased our understanding of how certain metabolites are distributed between fruits at different levels of the same plant and different parts of the fruit. This could be further investigated when chilies are exposed to different environmental stresses.
Highlights
IntroductionAmerica and Asia [1]
Academic Editors: Anna OniszczukChilies are widely cultivated through many parts of the world, especially in SouthAmerica and Asia [1]
The third group consisted of the placenta of the second, third, and fourth fruits of ‘Cayenne’ and the first, third, fourth, and fifth fruits of ‘Bishop Crown’ and all contained average dry weight, high primary metabolite content, and high phenolic and capsaicinoid content
Summary
America and Asia [1] In many cultures, they are considered one of the most important foods for consumption. There are six species of chilies that are widely cultivated, of which. The basic principle of dichotomous growth or dichotomous branching is that a plant shoot always splits into two new shoots [4]. This type of growth is typical of pungent chilies or sweet peppers. In C. annuum and C. baccatum, one flower (one fruit) is formed at each separation and in C. chinense two to four flowers are formed (resulting in two to four fruits) at one dichotomous branch (node) [5]. Chili fruits of cultivars that produce only one fruit per node are generally larger than those that produce two to four fruits on one node [1]
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